Geography - Migration - Advantages and Disadvantages -...

Section 2 – Geography Component PART A – The Current Nature of Migration in Australia 1) Top 10 Countries where Australian Migrants are coming from a) United Kingdom b) New Zealand c) China d) India e) Italy f) Vietnam g) Philippines h) South Africa i) Malaysia j) Germany Source: Reflecting a Nation: Stories from the 2011 Census (June 2012), http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/2071.0main+features902012-2013 (25/08/2013) 2) PUSH and PULL Factors PUSH Factors | PULL Factors | * Social Oppression - Gender in-equality (sexism), religion, racism | * Protection – seeking asylum in Australia from persecution overseas | *†¦show more content†¦coming to Australia for welfare benefits) * Anyone can come – no matter what they are like which isn’t fair to other countries or possible migrants. | PART D – Social Justice and equity issues related to Australia’s Migration Policy 6) Migration Survey Results and Letter m) Graphs from the Survey for Questions 1, 2 and 3. n) Opinions and Trends – from survey. (Word Count: 316) The majority of people surveyed believe that Australia is not accepting too many people and that Australia should accept more refugees. This is linked because the percentage stays the same; of people surveyed think that Australia isn’t accepting too many refugees and that we should accept more. The largest age group that partook in the survey stated that they were between the ages of 21-40; in line with this survey it appears that the majority of middle age people with few exceptions think that Australia should welcome more refugees. Some of the reasons for letting more refugees into our Nation are that Australia has an obligation to refugees who are escaping from their country of origin because we have the resources and don’t accept as many refugees as we should and could. It is also argued that is the humane thing to do and that we need a bigger population. 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Analyzing Career Choices - 1340 Words

Analyze career choices choosing Introduction Career choice can be very difficult to make especially when faced with a decision to choice between two attractive job offers (Clinton Van der Merwe2006). Certainly, each of these jobs will have its positive and negatives aspects. Thus, how would you make an informed choice on the best offer? This requires a good decision-making system. This report presents a way such decision can be carried out. Accountant and auditor job Pay and compensation According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (2012), the average annual pay for accountants and auditors is $61,690. The amount the lowest paid accountants and auditors received was $38,940, while the highest was about $106, 880 (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2012). Majority of accountants and auditors are full timers and some work more than 40 hours in a week. However, longer hours are normally at particular periods such as during tax or budgeting period. Work environment Majority of accountants and auditors work from offices either employed or self-employed, however, a few work from their homes. They may as well work from their clients offices. Accountants work in various industries; in 2010 the following industries employed most accountants and auditors. Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll services 24% Finance and insurance 8% State and local government, excluding education and hospitals 7% Manufacturing 6% Management of companies and enterprises 6%Show MoreRelatedMy Potential Career As A Health Information Manager1324 Words   |  6 Pagesopportunities and a higher chance of career advancement. Health Information Management responsibilities include the collecting and analyzing of patient data, ensuring the privacy of patient’s records, managing and maintaining databases, and generating or analyzing reports (HIM). In addition, to conducting research about my potential career as a Health Information Manager. I will share the nature of the job and state why I think this a career is a good choice for me. Also, I will discuss the requirementsRead MoreEssay Analyzing Career Theories964 Words   |  4 Pagescritique their choices based on our own opinions and experiences. Is that fair? No. We may see their actions clearly but the reasoning behind these is what we should focus on when it comes to judging someone’s behavior or circumstances. A common judgment made about a person is based on their career. In our s ociety, it would behoove us to look at the path that leads to becoming a doctor instead of a drug dealer. Application of career theories to my own life allows for analyzing past and futureRead MoreBusiness Is A Field Abundant With Jobs1274 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness is a field abundant with jobs. Entering the field of business almost guarantees a career. The reason to choose business is because business is a wide field and someone can go into many different areas. Accounting is a splendid area to go into. An excellent choice for higher education would be Louisiana College’s (LC) business program in Pineville, Louisiana. LC offers a small class setting with professors who have extensive business experience. Louisiana College has four areas of specializationsRead MoreSymbolic Interactionism In A Subculture1400 Words   |  6 Pagesshifts and stages of involvement form one’s subcultural career. Analyzing such subcultural careers from the symbolic interactionist perspective teaches one much about the interpretive and social dimensions of participation in a subculture. An u nderstanding of the theoretical framework of symbolic interactionism and of the definitions of concepts such as subcultures and subcultural careers provides a framework for effectively analyzing my career in the Tylenol drug subculture. The symbolic interactionistRead MoreResearh Proposal on the Benefits of Private Accounting741 Words   |  3 Pagesbenefits of Private Accounting. Moreover, the factors affecting the career paths of these students are also expected. This study is not only useful for the researchers but also for the respondents for them to gain a better understanding of their course and Private Accounting. This study is intended to find the benefits of Private Accounting and its effects on the career paths of Accountancy students of De La Salle Lipa. Different career opportunities lies in the practice of Private Accounting, suchRead MoreWhat Does It Mean?901 Words   |  4 Pagesdeveloping career-related skills in areas that course is 21st Century Careers: Advanced which predict the effect of my own career. the career choices include however an associate’s degree can begin to situate me for my future, are teaching and research, careers in archiving and heritage, career in politics, careers in media, business and commerce, marketing, advertising and public relation and lastly careers in law. 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Cross Culture Management in China

Question: Describe about the Cross Culture Management? Answer: Executive Summary In the period of rapid growth in context of the globalization and development of economy, there are many companies that have tried to expand their business in international markets. A subsequent issue in this development in the administrative connotation of the cross culture management. The aim of this report is to gain the understanding about the managers who are trying to analyze the global market in order to expand their business operations in the United States and China, who are the worlds top economy, and give wide opportunities for business expansion. The report will also include about the impact of culture on different aspects of the business like communication style, styles of negotiation, loyalty of the company, protocol followed in business, role of genders at the workplace and business decision making. This report focuses on the businesses in America that are more open and direct and dont take much time before taking any decisions. In China, they stress over the prestige o f others; therefore, they prefer indirect communication approach. In China, they consider decision making as time consuming. Introduction Due to the globalization and developments taking place in economies, multinational companies are getting even more prevalent (Hofstede, Hofstede and Minkov 2010). Its noted that cross cultural communication brings challenge for the managers. Culture as defined by Hofstede, Hofstede and Minkov (2010) mentions it as software of mind, which creates influence on the patterns of people behavior and thinking. People thinking influences the living and working life of the people. For example, United States and China have different cultures that create difference in their way of behavior and in thinking. Its evident that economic globalization is also contributing the multinational organizations in order to enhance the demands of the customers, increase in research and developments projects, global outsourcing and increase in demand at financial markets (Hofstede, Hofstede and Minkov 2010). Though there is advancement in technology that creates the distance among the nations, as well as management practices that are avoided due to the cultural boundaries (Hofstede, Hofstede and Minkov 2010). Its noted that in businesses through negotiation and joint venture with the companies in foreign countries, the cultural diversity has offered the hint of reaction about the behavior of others. Therefore, for becoming successful in accessing the international markets, its important that the companies should gain the knowledge about the diversity in cultures before they formulate any business strategy (Hofstede, Hofstede and Minkov 2010). Organizations that are expanding their business in overseas market have to face the various issues due to cross cultural communication. Bandias (2012) have claimed about the communication, which is the approach through which every member could try to establish cooperation in order fulfill the goal of the company (Bandias 2012). In the multi-cultural companies it is significant that the managers should hold on to the frequent communication and knowledge about the goals of the company (Bandias 2012). This report will try to analyze about United States and China, which are the largest economies of the world. The report will also refer the five dimensions of Greet Hofstede that focuses on national culture along with different academic theories in order to explore the style of national management (Hofstede, Hofstede and Minkov 2010). Negotiation Style According to Salacuse (1991), there exist ten components that mostly occurs to create challenges in the negotiations between inter cultures (Salacuse 1991). The report will make use of these components in order to explore the differences in cultures that mainly occur through the process of negotiation among the leading international powerhouses like United States and China (Salacuse 1991). This report will make use of cultural factors in order to measure the negotiating styles of United States and China, although its is claimed by Salacuse (1991) that through initiating the national negotiations must consider the national culture along with the influence of individuals like the cultures of gender, background, age, religion, race, and education. Salacuse (1991) explores the 10 traits, which mainly encounter the negotiations taking place in cross culture (Salacuse 1991). Negotiating Goal: Contract Or Relationship The main aim of the negotiation differentiates between the cultures. The basic goal of negotiation for some cultures is to move towards the deal and the sign in the contract, where else in some cultures it is viewed as the set up for the long term relationship among the parties that lead towards the contract (Rudman and Kilianski 2000). Its noted that in China, the development of intercultural relations holds the highest priority above the commercial transactions (Rudman and Kilianski 2000). Its true that relationships are in the Confucianism heart. According to the perception of Chinese, any relationship among the business groups is mainly built over the relationship that exists between the individuals. Therefore, trust needs to be set up before participating in the relationship of business that too at the stage of negotiation that is important in china. In contrast to this, people of United States are more attached with the signed contract (Rudman and Kilianski 2000). This might happen as the negotiators over there are lawyers and as per the virtue of the training given in the law schools they prefer negotiation according to signed contract (Rudman and Kilianski 2000). Therefore, once the agreement is meet out, it is considered as final and every party should adhere with the signed contract. Therefore, they rush towards the preliminary stage that leads towards the misunderstanding that too mutually that could negatively impact the process of negotiation (Rudman and Kilianski 2000). Negotiating Attitude: Win-Win Or Win-Lose Parties from the variant cultures comes together for the negotiation with the attitude of either win-lose or either win-win (Rudman and Kilianski 2000). The negotiators with the attitude of win-win perceive the negotiators as they are placing the collaborative efforts, through which both the parties could get benefit. Where else the negotiators having the attitude of win-lose mainly result at one side of win and other side of lose. Its noted that both China and America perceive negotiation with the attitude of win-win. Personal Style: Informal Or Formal Culture often influences the negotiators personal style (Cellich and Jain 2004). Negotiators that follow the formal style actually address their counterparts through the titles and try to avoid the discussion on the personal issues (Cellich and Jain 2004). In contrasts to this, negotiators from the informal cultures try to attempt towards setting up the friendly relations (Cellich and Jain 2004). Its noted that Americans are actually more informal in comparison to the Chinese. Americans often address one another through their first name, even if they are acquaintances of each other (Cellich and Jain 2004). In contrast to this, people in china often address one another in the very formal manner as they consider it as the sign of respect; only people who know one another call others with their name such as spouses or either friends (Cellich and Jain 2004). In China it is advised that the negotiators should try to respect the relevant formalities while working in the foreign culture. Its noted that Americans try to prefer the informal conversations in order to develop the relationship with each other, by using the first name and they can even discuss the contract details (Cellich and Jain 2004). Where else, Chinese prefer to address the counterparts through their titles and aim that the business talks to be formal instead of private at the table of negotiation (Cellich and Jain 2004). Communication: Direct Or Indirect Cultures might get differ in the styles of preferred communication (Cellich and Jain 2004). There are some cultural values that are direct and there are some simple methods of communication, where else the preferred complex and indirect methods are use of speech, body language, along with facial expressions. The direct style is considered as the feature of the United States that is conveyed straightforward with trustworthiness and honestly (Cellich and Jain 2004). Where else, its evident that Chinese holds the indirect style that is considered as ambiguous and vague. For instance, smiling is considered as the common communication means, when the people interact. However, it could express various meanings like denial as well as cooperation, joy or either anger, distrust or either trust; therefore it could be perceive as mask (Cellich and Jain 2004). Sensitivity To Time: High Or Low Its true that attitude sometimes can get different between the various cultures (Dong and Liu 2010). The people in China prefer to have slow negotiations, where else the Americans believe that the time is actually money and they are usually in the hurry to come at the deal conclusion. This implies there contrasting perception over the reason behind the negotiation (Dong and Liu 2010). The culture of China has the long lasting orientation that moves towards the situations of consuming the important time in order to analyze the situation for building up the relationship with the counterparts. There are some people in China who explore that the higher the time spends over the situation of negotiation; the higher will be the probability of achieving the success on the table of negotiation (Dong and Liu 2010). The United States people often try to minimize the formalities and try to get the contrast signed, where else the people from china usually invest their time on the phase of pre-neg otiation in order to understand their potential partner of business and they try to determine if there exist any possibility of going into the long term relationship of business. Emotions: High Or Low There are some cultures that depict their emotions at the table of negotiation; where else there are some cultures who try to hide their feelings (Dong and Liu 2010). Its noted that Chinese often tend towards depicting the low emotion at the time of negotiation and they are mainly focused about saving their faces and trying to maintain their composure (Dong and Liu 2010). Therefore, they are actually offended through opposing the negotiators that might make them embarrass either intentionally or unintentionally. In the sharp contrast, people from America mainly speak out of their mind even if their counterparts might get embarrassed (Dong and Liu 2010). They understand and feel all the facts that need to be presented before the agreement is come up. The above is actually not required in the case of personalities of an individual (Dong and Liu 2010). However, it is significant for the negotiators to become aware about the specific tendency of the culture to act emotionally (Dong and L iu 2010). Form Of Agreement: General Or Specific Cultures often impact the written agreements types (Hall 1990). Its noted that people from United States prefer to get all the detailed contrasts, in which every possible risk as well as eventualities are anticipated (Hall 1990). This is due to the contract that is governed through the law. In contrast to this, people from China usually prefer to get into more general agreement as the base of the contrast that lies in the relationship among the parties (Hall 1990). Therefore, the detailed agreement acts as the proof about the lack of trust among the different parties (Hall 1990). If the unforeseen issues occur, the people in china would select negotiation or the mediation in order to resolve the matters that are compared with the litigation that is preferred by the America (Hall 1990). Building An Agreement: Bottom-Up Or Top-Down Some cultures often start negotiating over the basic principles and then they proceed towards the details such as approach of bottom up or the process of inductive (Kapoor, Hughes, Baldwin and Blue 2003). In contrast to this, other prefer towards first obtaining the agreements over the particular details like delivery of date and price and then they try to merge every detail in order to come at the final contract such as deductive process or either approach of top down. Its noted that American prefer to have the deductive process and try to seek an agreement over details where else Chinese prefer to adopt the bottom up approach (Kapoor, Hughes, Baldwin and Blue 2003). Team Organization: One Leader Versus Consensus The values of the culture highly influence over how the negotiating team is actually organized along with the power of process and power (Kapoor, Hughes, Baldwin and Blue 2003). There are some cultures that provide more significance towards the individuals where else others towards the groups. Its noted that people from United States prefer to adopt the one person leadership in case of negotiation such as leaders within the team will have full power to make the decisions. On contrast to this, Chinese prefer towards having huge negotiating team as its noted that authority reside with the decision making and groups take place by the consensus (Kapoor, Hughes, Baldwin and Blue 2003). In result of that it becomes challenging to explore who holds the power of decision making. The overseas parties not only negotiate with their counterparts, but indirectly they negotiate with the stakeholders like the government and the local authorities (Kapoor, Hughes, Baldwin and Blue 2003). Risk Taking: High Or Low It is actually observed that there are some cultures that are more risky in comparison with others (Lewis 1996). This creates influence over the behavior of the counterparts negotiated, whether they are able to reveal the information and how they actually deal with the uncertainties (Lewis 1996). As per the survey, both the Chinese as well as people from United States consider to be risk takers (Lewis 1996). Its noted that Americans mainly relates with the tendency to take on more risks. On the other side, Chinese place more stress over the huge amount of information that include background details and they hold the complex process of taking group decisions (Lewis 1996). Decision Making Lewis (1996) explores about the long term framework that is based on the normative decision model that make use of degree of participating employees that are permitted and encouraged in the decision making of organization (Lewis 1996). This process participation for the subordinates only receives the decisions from their bosses and then only they implement these decisions (Lewis 1996). Its noted that American holds the low power distance culture; therefore, their decision making process is spread in entire company (Lewis 1996). In America high individualism also includes the facts that there are many managers that take the decisions individually in the organizations that are decentralized (Martin 1997). Nevertheless, it is actually argued that the organizations that are decentralized with various decision makers might come up with the bad results due to many decisions (Martin 1997). Meanwhile, its noted that China has the similar process of taking decisions as America but that too in different representation, since most of the companies in China are based on family or either they are built under the relationship which creates barriers of single ability of leaders to change the culture of the organization and include wide scope of changes in culture (Martin 1997). Communication Style Communication is considered as the method to convey meaning and exchange the information from formalities, status, words, messages and body language. Kapoor, Hughes, Baldwin and Blue (2003) explores the high content communication or either the message in which information is internalized or either in physical context in the person, and the other one is low context messages with is different, as in this huge information is vested in the code of explicit. In the cultures of low context, US apply the verbal communication (Kapoor, Hughes, Baldwin and Blue 2003). Therefore, People in US communicate in straightforward way without any doubt about the recipients. The messages of low context invest in words of explicit code. In the culture of high context, China adopt the verbal communication is actually indirect for the purpose of maintaining social harmony. Chinese often dont reject directly and they even prefer to tell the reason through non-verbal messages (Kapoor, Hughes, Baldwin and Blu e 2003). Protocol It is mentioned below by the help of consultation that gives training about professional cross culture in the UK (Kapoor, Hughes, Baldwin and Blue 2003). Below are some examples that require to be paid attention in the workplace having cross culture in context of meetings and business greeting, and this comparison is made between China and America. The Comparison between China and America Business Greetings United States The hand shake is style of greetings They build eye contacts while greeting They call the other person by their first name In formal rituals they exchange business cards (Kapoor, Hughes, Baldwin and Blue 2003). China Greetings are more formal They also hand shake which is quite common They look down while greetings They address the other person with titles The Comparison between China and America in Business Meeting United States Time and punctuality is given high priority. Meetings look more relaxed but American takes it more seriously. They follow the agenda They make use of presentation, and visual aids are used to improve the case. China They arrive in meetings before the time They give more attention towards the agenda They also send agenda before the meetings, so that Chinese could have met with technical experts (Kapoor, Hughes, Baldwin and Blue 2003). Company Loyalty Loyalty of the employees is influenced through the motivational system of the company, and its also considered as national culture (Hofstede, Hofstede and Minkov 2010). It could also be measured through the theory of Hofstede. The power distance dimensions in China are more than America. The leadership style of autocratic causes loyalty combination towards the team leader and they are afraid of the results that lead through the harmony value and development of group in the society of China (Hofstede, Hofstede and Minkov 2010). In comparison to this, America is the individualistic society, and people only care about themselves and stress over their achievements. They spend their time enjoying and give more value over self sufficiency; therefore, Americans are not loyal in comparison to Chinese. Gender Roles To start with the theory of Hofstedes about the high human equality sense is mentioned in the United States due to their high individualism as well as low power distance in the society of males (Hofstede, Hofstede and Minkov 2010). Its noted that individuals share the information; they even challenge the authorities, opinion, which present the equality sign among the two genders in the country. Its noted that In China males tend to be given administrative as well as bureaucratic positions that hold the sway in the Chinese minds. Although there are female who also contribute in growth of career, it is some time before they also hold the managerial posts (Hofstede, Hofstede and Minkov 2010). Rewards Reward system is considered as the motivational component and mainly it relies over the culture of an organization. It should be made clear about the balance among the performance and efforts (Hofstede, Hofstede and Minkov 2010). As per the theory of expectancy, efforts of the employees, performance, and reward associates with one another. It is important that organizations should try to penetrate with the ability and performance of the workforce, and they should even understand their personals aims in order to offer them with the opportunity to undertake individual developments (Hofstede, Hofstede and Minkov 2010). However, its noted that the reward system is not only lined with the theory of expectancy, rather it also relies with the theory of work motivation like the Maslow Needs Hierarchy. Basically Americans might proceed with the rewards that are non-financial such as holidays or either promotion that leaves them with the purpose of fulfilling their short term achievements and they even spend more time with their close ones as per the indulgent culture (Hofstede, Hofstede and Minkov 2010). While in China they like to pursue both the non financial and financial rewards for the purpose of demonstrating their social status as per the mien-tzu principles. Work Discipline Its noted that the lower work discipline in America is actually reflected through the low power distance in the society of individuals. Its also noted that people in America re more independent as well as self centered that might lead to more work conflicts in comparison to china (Hofstede, Hofstede and Minkov 2010). They even dont stress over the work discipline and regulations. Its noted that Confucianism in China, that significantly implies with the work discipline and even try to acknowledge the power through the help of hierarchies. People are also made to learn to respect the school rules or rules at company, home and in society when they are young (Hofstede, Hofstede and Minkov 2010). Conclusion In the global business negotiations, it is significant to understand the counterparts culture along with issues that might occur in the negotiation process. Through this study one can easily view that are certain marked variations in the negotiation styles of America and Chinese people that stem from the differences in culture between the two countries. Knowledge about these variations will enable the negotiators to analyze and understand the behavior of negotiation of their counterparts through the perception towards taking the negotiation proceeds forward. However, it is also crucial not to permit the stereotypes of culture to determine about the relationship through the help of potential partners of business. References Bandias, S. 2012. Student Study Pack: PRBM016- Cross-Cultural Management. Darwin: Charles Darwin University. Cellich, C. and Jain S.C. 2004. Global Business Negotiations: A Practical Guide, 1st edn. USA: South-Western, Thomson. Dong, K. and Liu, Y. 2010.Cross-cultural management in China. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 17(3), pp. 223-243. Hall, E.T. 1990. The Silent Language, Anchor. New York. Steers et al. Hofstede, G., Hofstede, G. J. and Minkov, M. 2010. Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind, 3rd edn. New York: McGraw-Hill. Kapoor, S., Hughes, P.C., Baldwin, J.R. and Blue, J. 2003. The relationship of individualismcollectivism and self-construals to communication styles in India and US. International journal of Intercultural Relations, 27(6), pp. 683-700. Lewis, R. 1996. When Cultures Collide: Managing successfully across cultures, 2nd edn. London: Nicholas Brealey Publishing. Martin, D. 1997. Contractual aspects of cross-cultural negotiations. Marketing Intelligence Planning, 15(1), pp. 19-27. Rudman, L.A. and Kilianski, S.E. 2000. Implicit and Explicit Attitudes Toward Female Authority. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26(11), pp. 1315- 1328. Salacuse, J.W. 1991. Making Global Deals: Negotiating in the International Marketplace. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

The Power of Literature free essay sample

Humanity has an instinctive fear of death, though it is a natural course of life. It’s often said that in the moments immediately preceding death, or even a near-death experience, one’s life flashes before his/her eyes. Should it turn out to be a near-death experience, one typically awakens to realize that his/her life has been uneventful—lacking purpose. For this reason, people create bucket lists, stating everything they wish to do before they die. Yet even upon crossing off everything on the list, people aren’t prepared; it’s inevitable. Oftentimes, this is due to a fear of letting go of and hurting loved ones. Therefore, we leave our loved ones with an undying connection, something that keeps us with them. Although photographs contain more memories than we can remember, they only encourage us to dwell in the past. Thus, â€Å"literature is the best way to overcome death,† as it brings the present into the future, and remains for all eternity. We will write a custom essay sample on The Power of Literature or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To me, writing is a means of expression, an emotional release, while reading is a means of learning and understanding. As such, literature allows the dying to say all that’s on his/her mind, and provides loved ones with something to cherish. Naturally, this concept has a major impact on my life. I’ve enjoyed reading and writing for as long as I can remember, but since middle school, literature has carried a greater weight than pure leisure, bringing with it a sentimental value. Through writing poetry, journal entries, and even stories, I’m able to share my thoughts—both the positive and the negative—with the world. Literature assures that my name is forever engraved upon this earth.

I could have been a contender Essay Example

I could have been a contender Paper I could have been a contender, said Marlon Brando as he improvised his lines for his character, Terry Malloy, in the seven-time Academy Award winner film On the Waterfront (On the Waterfront). Marlon Brando used improvisation throughout the film to create a truly unique, unprecedented character. In the film, Terry Malloy transforms from a non-ambitious follower to a strong, independent hero. Terry Malloys transformation is not credited to his own revelations but rather is driven by the role he has in Joey Doyles death, his love for Edie Doyle, the strong pressure of Father Barry, and the eventual death of his brother, Charlie Malloy. At the beginning of the film, Terry Malloy is portrayed as a character without any drive in life. He devotes his time, energy, and passion towards his pigeon racing rather than a steady job. Marlon Brando takes it upon himself to imbue a further characterization of Terrys character. Terry is usually fidgeting with his hands in his pockets, playing with his hair, or his signature nervous gesture of putting his hand behind his head. He often looks away from the character he is talking to by finding another focal point such as the zipper on his jacket or a piece of lint. It is clear Terry does not have much direction or any assertive qualities. His first internal conflict in the movie is his unintentional involvement in Joey Doyles death. Although he is torn up over the incident, he does not question Johnny Friendly on the matter but continues to follow Friendlys lead. Another noteworthy detail hinted at in the beginning is Terrys background as a boxer. Terrys history as a boxer will co ntinue to be hinted at for much of the movie until its significance is finally revealed. We will write a custom essay sample on I could have been a contender specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on I could have been a contender specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on I could have been a contender specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer As the movie progresses Terry begins to develop his consciences. A string of events force Terry to come clean. Among the most influential of these events are his encounters with Edie Doyle, sister of Joey Doyle. Edie is the first person in the movie to show belief in Terry; she brings out a side of him that the audience has not seen. Terrys love for her is so strong he reveals to her what he did to her brother. This is the first sign that Terry is developing a sense of moral righteousness. While telling Edie, Terrys demeanor begins to change. He keeps eye contact with her and uses his hands to talk, as opposed to relying on his go-to nervous gestures. Unfortunately, Johnny Friendly starts to notice a change in Terry and he sends Charlie Malloy out to talk to him. With much hesitation and trepidation, Charlie picks up Terry. During the car ride, Terry finally asserts himself. He reveals the truth about the night he threw his boxing title and how Charlie made him do it. For the first t ime, the viewer sees Terry standing up against another character. Terry tells Charlie, You dont understand. I coulda had class. I coulda been a contender. I coulda been somebody, instead of a bum, which is what I am, lets face it. It was you, Charlie, (On the Waterfront). From this point on, Terry only becomes more fueled in his endeavors to become an honorable man. Soon after Terry leaves he discovers Charlies dead body. Over his brothers body, Terry vows to take it out on their skulls, (On the Waterfront). However, Terry does not revert to anger. Father Barry will not allow him to use anger as a solution. Rather, Father Barry instructs him to get back at Friendly by testifying. In the courtroom, it is clear that Terry is nervous upon seeing Johnny Friendly. Emotionally, it is evident that Friendly still has a hold over him. However, after testifying, Terry finds all of his pigeons have been slaughtered. This final act of murder gives Terry the strength to finally stand up to Johnny Friendly. Once at the waterfront, Terry does not receive work for the day. Angrily, Terry approaches Johnny Friendlys shack on the water. It is clear to the viewer that his entire demeanor has changed. Terry, proudly wearing Joeys old jacket, stands up straight without his hand in his pockets or any type of fidgeting. He even talks with more confidence and chews his gum in a smug manner. Terrys new found self-confidence propels him to berate John Friendly, as he now calls him, saying, Youre a cheap, lousy, dirty, stinkin mug! And Im glad what I done to you, ya hear that? Im glad what I done! (On the Waterfront). After this dispute a fight breaks out between Terry and Friendly. Terry is left lying on the pier and Father rushes over to Terry, telling him, Youve lost the battle but you have a chance to win the war. In this defining moment, Terry asks Father to put him on his feet. It is Terrys final walk from the pier to the work entrance that completes his ultimate transformation. This walk symb olizes the end of Friendlys abusive, austere reign and the beginning of a proper Union for hundreds of men. In the end a bum became the hero of the waterfront. It was the courage of a single man that saved hundreds of workers. Terry Mallows view of Johnny Friendly was drastically altered after his misunderstood involvement in Joeys death. His contemplation to stand up against Johnny was fueled by his love for Edie and several nudges from Father Barry. The final straw was the murder of his brother, Charlie. Terry could not have made this impact by himself; it was the collective impact of these people and events that transformed Terry Malloy into a leader.

Written Communication Critical Analysis Marion Enterprise

Written Communication Critical Analysis Marion Enterprise Problem Statement Data is important to manufacturing companies like Marion Enterprise. It is necessary in critical areas of the business such as human resource, production and the organization’s inventory. Data is useless without consistent updates.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Written Communication Critical Analysis Marion Enterprise specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The research problem is to investigate office ergonomics of the data entry center in this organization. The other issues that will be examined are the establishment of an anthropometric database and possible hazards employees overlook in the data entry center. The study will however major on the first issue. Justification Ergonomics is the science that examines how capable people are taking into account their physical and mental limits in relation to the tools, machines and equipment used in the course of their work. Office ergonomic is a s pecialty that focuses on the environment of the office worker. There has been an increase in interest by people towards the specialty because of an upsurge in the use of computers and disorders associated with them (Wisha Services Division (WSD), 2002). The specialty is critical since some of the signs associated with poor ergonomics such as fatigue and pain reduces the productivity of workers (CBS, n.d). Treatment of disorders occasioned by poor ergonomics in an office environment is costly in terms of finance and time lost whenever an employee takes leave (Health and Safety Executive (HSE), 2013). The worst part is a reduction in the normal pace of work in a department where an employee is based. For this organization, the entry of data will be slowed which may affect the ability of the organization to get real-time data. Topics for investigation The workstation Data entry operators spend many hours during the working days in their workstation. The workstation will be the first ar ea to be investigated for any ergonomic flaws. It consists of the office furniture such as the chairs, tables and computers that the data entry operators use directly as they carry out their work. All these aspects will be examined (Workers Compensation Board (WCB), (2007). The computers used by the data entry operators Computers are the key equipment used by data entry operators (Occupational Health Clinics for Ontario Workers Inc, 2008). They will be investigated to ascertain how ergonomic they are to their users. In the investigation, computer parts such as mouse, keyboard and the monitor will be assessed on ergonomic adjustability.Advertising Looking for proposal on business communication? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Anthropometric data The research will also determine the feasibility of establishing a database for anthropometric data. The data will be useful for management when purchasing equipment for the d ata entry operators after recruitment. Problems related to ergonomics in computer equipment will reduce significantly in the data entry center that will be expanded (National Occupational Health and Safety Commission, 1991). Hazards with sharp edges All the furniture in the data entry center will be examined to establish whether they have any sharp edges that the employees often lean. This action by the data entry operators only appears harmless initially but leads to certain disorders such as slow blood circulation and damaged nerves (Texas Department of Insurance, n.d). Repetitive motions The operational nature of data entry operators will be looked at to assess the possible effect they have on the workers developing disorders. All repetitive motions will be noted so that a possible intervention can be formulated. The intervention will be a scientific one, and its impact in improving the office ergonomics of the data center has to be monitored after periods specified to ensure eff ectiveness Health and Safety Authority (HSE), n.d). Working space The available working space in the data entry center as compared to the staff who works there will be examined. The examination will seek to reveal the sufficiency of the available space. Appropriate recommendations will then be made (Environmental Health and Safety (EHS), n.d). Preliminary methodology and potential resources The research will gather data about all the areas mentioned earlier using the following methods. Interviews will be conducted to the data entry operators on specific areas on different areas of their workstations. Structured written questionnaires will follow the interviews as a way of verifying most of what has been given orally in the interviews conducted. Observations will be made on the workstations and computers and information obtained compared to recommended office ergonomics (University of Wisconsin Eau Claire, n.d).Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Written Com munication Critical Analysis Marion Enterprise specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The anthropometric data will be sought for reputable databases available online. The results of a feasibility study for setting a company anthropometric database will be determined by the diversity of the staff in the organization. Work schedule The research will be conducted for a period of two weeks. During the first week, data will be collected from the data entry center. The collection through interviews will be done in the first hour of each office day in order for a period of three days to minimize disruptions to normal work. The remaining two days of the week will be used by the research team to gather data with written structured questionnaires. The second week the first working day, the team will observe the workstations of the data entry operators. The other two days will be for analyzing the data, and the last two will be utilized in preparing the rep ort. References CBS. (n.d). The advantages of ergonomics. Retrieved from cbs.state.or.us/osha/pdf/ergo/ergoadvantages.pdf Enviromental Health and Safety (EHS). (n.d) Ergonomic workstations guidelines. Retrieved from ncsu.edu/ehs/www99/right/handsMan/office/ergonomic.html Health And Safety Authority (HAS). (n.d). Ergonomics in the Workplace. Retrieved from hsa.ie/eng/Publications_and_Forms/Publications/Occupational_Health/Ergonomics.pdf Health and Safety Executive (HSE). (2013). Ergonomics and human factors at work. Retrieved from hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg90.pdfAdvertising Looking for proposal on business communication? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More National Occupational Health and Safety Commission. (1991). Ergonomic principles and checklists for the selection of office furniture and equipment. Retrieved from safeworkaustralia.gov.au/sites/SWA/about/Publications/Documents/31/ErgonomicPrinciplesChecklistsForOfficeFurniture_1991_PDF.pdf Occupational Health Clinics for Ontanrio Workers Inc. (2008). Office ergonomics handbook. Retrieved from ohcow.on.ca/uploads/Resource/Workbooks/ergonomics.pdf Texas Department of Insurance. (n.d). Office Ergonomics. Retrieved from tdi.texas.gov/pubs/videoresource/wpofficeergo.pdf University of Wisconsin Eau Claire. (n.d) Data Collection Methods. Retrieved from http://people.uwec.edu/piercech/researchmethods/data%20collection%20methods/data%20collection%20methods.htm Wisha Services Division (WSD). (2002). Office ergonomics. Practical solutions for a safer workplace. Retrieved from lni.wa.gov/IPUB/417-133-000.pdf Workers Compensation Board (WCB). (2007). Office Ergonomics: think detection:think pre vention: think activity. Retrieved from wcb.ab.ca/pdfs/public/office_ergo.pdf

Universal Healthcare in the United States Term Paper

Universal Healthcare in the United States - Term Paper Example To be noted is that as a concept, universal health care does not simply imply the coverage of individuals for all risks i.e. one-size-fits-all conceptualization. Rather as Navarro (1989) portrays, it is determined by three fundamental dimensions – those covered; services that are covered, and what amount of total costs (accrued), are covered. Health care systems are in a majority of states funded through mixed models of funding. Generally, revenues accrued from taxation do compose the primary funding source, with most countries supplementing the revenues with specific levies. This is essentially by way of a mix of private and public contributions thereby ‘spreading’ the costs over a larger population. Compulsory insurance is a key avenue of enhancing universal healthcare, usually enforced by way of legislation in given jurisdictional arenas. This may thereafter, necessitate citizens to purchase their insurance; but in many cases (in effect), it is the government that provides such insurance, as part of its social welfare responsibilities. Examples of compulsory insurance contexts are exemplified by both the U.S. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, and the Swiss Healthcare system. In the U.S., the crusade for some form of universal healthcare (government-funded) is traceable to the 20th Century with advocacy of the same facing different obstacles despite close success. While other developed states had initiated some form of social insurance, proponents in the U.S. continued facing hurdles, especially as a result of the federal government (then), leaving each state to its own doing. The different states in turn left such matters to voluntary and/ or private programs, based perhaps on the lack of national legislation. It is however during the Progressive Era that major undertakings took place, with reformers working on enhancing social conditions for the growing working class (Navarro, 1989). Unlike

Legal Perspectives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Legal Perspectives - Essay Example Under the doctrine, original owners retain ownership interest, although the salvage is entitled to a very liberal salvage award. However, when property is abandoned, the way the plane was in this situation, the owner gives up the reasonable expectation of privacy concerning it. The finder of abandoned property is entitled to keep it, and a police officer may take possession of abandoned property as evidence without violating the Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. As deciding factor Federal law may have been given the monopoly on a subject preempting the state laws, when the federal court must try the case, it will apply the laws of the state where the controversy happened. Do you think that Mr. Champlin should have consulted with the Navy before spending his time and money on this project Should he (or the general public for that matter) have known about this special rule regarding federal property Consider whether there should be a time limit or statute of limitations regarding the forfeiture or non-forfeiture of title. Also, consider whether property should be considered lost or abandoned by the failure to protect or attempt recovery of the property. Mr. Champlin should have consulted with the Navy first. If he had taken the proper steps in notifying the Navy of what he was doing, he might have had more rights to fight the Navy. If the Government would ensure the public knew about the rules of federal property, perhaps this might not have even been a case. A time statute should be in effect. If you look at the Estray Statues it says many states have enacted estray statues that give a finder of mislaid of lost property clear title to the property if certain requirements are met. The requirements are 1. Reporting the find to an appropriate government agency 2. Advertising the lost property 3. The owner not claiming the property within a stated time (e.g., one year). The finder acquires title to the property and is thereafter not required to return the property if the rightful owner appears to claim it (Cheeseman, 2003 pg 918). Since there are special rules that apply to federal property maybe this statues wouldn't have helped him. However, if he and the public were aware of the special rules he might have reconsidered doing the project in the first place. I think there should be a time limit regarding forfeiture or non-forfeiture of title. If the owner doesn't claim the property in a certain amount of time th

Background about the public higher education in the Arabic Gulf State Essay

Background about the public higher education in the Arabic Gulf State Sadi Arabia , Qatar , UAE - Essay Example iversity for Petroleum and Minerals in 1963, King Abdul-Aziz University in 1967, Um Al-Qura University in 1967, Imam Muhammad Bin Saud Islamic University in 1974, and King Faisal University in 1975 (Alamri 2011, p88). The increase in the number of universities necessitated the establishment of the Ministry of Higher Education in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia’s higher education has undergone significant growth in the last 10 years. The higher education system has developed to include 18 government universities, 18 primary teacher’s colleges for men, 80 primary teacher’s colleges for women, 37 colleges, and institutes for health, 12 technical colleges, and 33 private colleges and universities. It is important to note that number of private universities in increasing constantly (Alamri 2011, p89). The Saudi Arabia Ministry of Education has put much emphasis on the development of higher education system. The ministry began an initiative to prepare a contemporary and a long-term plan for higher education. This will enable Saudi Arabia to fulfil most of the challenges in the creation of a sustainable academic process (AAFAQ 2005, p1). Saudi Arabia’s government sponsored human resources development has led to exponential growth in the quality and quantity of education. The number of students (male and female) in general and higher education phases have multiplied ten folds, from approximately 547, 000 students in 1970 to over 5.37 students in the year 2005. The persistent emphasis on human resources in the socio-economic development strategy has increased the quantity of students in higher education from 7, 000 in 1970 to approximately 604, 000 students in 2005. In other words, since the year 1970, the number of students multiplied by 86 times. In 2005, 58 percent of the students enrolled were female, while the other 42 percent was male. The number of female students enrolled at the bachelor level were 327, 500 (a representation of 64.7% of the undergraduates). The

Analyse The Factors Affecting The Strategic Plans

Analyse The Factors Affecting The Strategic Plans Tesco plc is a well-established and consistently growing food retailer global company operating in UK and many other countries like USA, Europe, Thailand, China, Japan and so on. It was established in 1919 by Jack Cohen, when he sold some groceries in the stall in East London and then it later lead to the opening of the first Tesco store in 1929 in North London. Using the well-researched and consistent strategy for growth, Tesco has been able to strengthen their core UK business and lead them to expand into new markets. Tesco has already been declared as the no.1 superstore in UK against its rivals Asda, Sainsbury and Morrison. Tesco is still aiming to broaden the scope of their business to enable it to deliver strong sustainable long-term growth by following the customers into the basic and the large expanding markets at cheaper price. Currently, Tesco has over 2200 stores in UK and has been able to reach every possible customer through its different types of outlets as superstore, metro, extra, express and by various means as online shopping through Tesco direct, Reserve and collect plus loyalty/club cards, insurance, clothing, banking and financial services, telecoms, insurance. So this report will be identifying Tescos vision, Mission, its current strategic objectives, evaluates them and analyses the factors that will be affecting strategic plan. The purpose of this case study is to review and determine the organizational strategic aims and objectives identify and analyse the progress towards organizational strategic aims and objectives and to determine and evaluate strategic options to support a revised strategic position. 1.1 Identify the current strategic aims and objectives TESCOS STRATEGY Our well-established and consistent strategy for growth has given the business momentum to grow through the downturn. (1) Long term Strategy According to Tescos official website it is clearly evident that Tesco has a well-established and consistent strategy for growth. The rationale for the strategy is to broaden the scope of the business to enable it to deliver strong, sustainable long-term growth by following customers into large expanding markets at home such as financial services, non-food and telecoms and new markets abroad, initially in Central Europe and Asia and more recently in the United States. Objectives:- The objectives of the strategy are: Successful global retailer Tesco aims to be one of the most successful global retailer organisation in the world. With this idea in mind they have opened stores in many other countries like Canada, USA, Europe, Thailand, China and Middle East. Growth in core UK business Tesco also aims on growing its business as the core UK business as it is originated here. It had 1500 stores in UK in 2007 whereas the number has reached to over 2000 by now. And it has diversified its market from only being a food retailer to selling fuel, clothes, housing, finance, banking, insurance, mobile broad band and electronics. Strong non food retailer As Tesco has been known for its food items and is the leader in food retailing, Tesco also aims to develop the rest of the retailing it has been doing. They are working hard to be as strong in non-food as they are in food. Developing banking and finance Tesco is also working for developing retailing services such as Tesco Personal Finance, Banking, Telecoms and Tesco.com. This is showing that Tesco is determined to help its customers even with the financial and banking services. As the name specifies, Tesco is all set to deliver Every little helps. Community friendly Approach Tesco is determined to put community at the heart of what they do and help maintain the natural balance. Values and aims According to the official website, Tesco feels that: No-one tries harder for customers than Tesco They have mentioned that they understand their customers needs and they want to be the first to meet their needs and at the same time they want to act responsibly to their community in order to avoid any kind of degradation in the environment and ethnicity. Tesco promises to treat people as we like to be treated: Work as a teamà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Trust and respect each otherListen, support and say thank youà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Share knowledge and experience.so we can enjoy our work. Tesco has been taking regular feedbacks from customers by asking them and the staff what can be done to make shopping with them and working with them better.(2) 1.2 Undertake an evaluation of the component parts of a strategic plan Tescos strategy to diversify the business in 1997 has been a very important landmark and the base to the success of the company. Product Diversification from being only food retailer to non-food retail was the best decision that has made Tesco to be the market leaders in many of their markets in and outside UK. According to Tescos official website (www.tescoplc.com), its vision and mission are: Vision- Every little helps. Tescos vision is very simple as it is stated. It simply focuses on providing every little helps to the customers. Tesco is willing to follow the customers and their basic needs and be the only retailer to help them out with every kind of help they need -small or big Mission Tesco aims to broaden the scope of their business to enable it to deliver strong long-term sustainable growth by following their customer into large expanding markets at home such as financial services, non-food and telecoms and new markets abroad, initially in Central Europe and Asia, and more recently in the United States Chairman s statement Over the past decade Tesco has transformed itself into a diverse international business- we are well-positioned for long-term growth. Tesco is scanning the external environment as much as possible in order to develop its mission and vision. All these efforts from Tesco is making them able to meet their strategic plan to be everywhere, to sell everything and sell to everyone . Managers are taking further actions to full fill their promise. They are satisfying and identifying customer needs through affordable prices, quality products, home delivery, 24 hrs service, recycling, business expansion and technological developments such as online shopping and home deliveries. These evidences shows that; there is a clear alignment between their mission. Vision and strategies. This helps tesco in being market leader in UK retail super markets. 1.3 Analyse the factors affecting the strategic plan For any business to run and meet its long-term strategic aims and objectives, there is a great involvement of the environment. The environment is divided into Macro/external and Micro/internal environment and there factors which are affecting the long-term organisational strategic planning. Some factors both external and internal for Tesco are discussed below: Internal factors are those factors which come from the business and affect it without any regards to the external factors like suppliers, customers, distributors and so on. Some examples are Research and Development, Employee Turnover/employee satisfaction, Physical assets, mission and objectives and so on. The internal environment consists of variables (Strength, Weakness, Threat and Opportunities) that are within the organization itself and are not usually within the short-run control of the Top management. This variables form the context in which work is done. They include the cooperations structure, culture and resources, Key strength form a set of core competencies which the organization can use to gain competitive advantage. (Thomas L. Wheelen, J. David Hunger (2000). Strategic Management Business Policy. p10) By analyzing PEST Analysis, it is observed that Tescos strategic plan is affected by various external factors. They are: 1. POLITICAL FACTORS Government interferes in the economy of every company. Factors such as tax policy, labour law, environmental law, trade restrictions, tariffs and political stability makes the major impact on the business and the society as well as the global market. This year the government has increased the tax from 17.5% to 20%. This has affected the profit of Tesco and is affecting the long-term aims, mission and vision of Tesco. 2. ECONOMICAL FACTORS Economic factors include economic growth, interest rates, exchange rates and the inflation HYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflation_rate / Inflation raterate. These factors have major impacts on how businesses operate and make decisions. For example, interest rates affect a Tescos revenue and therefore to what extent a business grows and expands. Exchange rates affect the costs of exporting goods and the supply and price of imported goods in an economy. Example: increased fuel tax, impact of credit crunch on sales. SOCIAL FACTORS Social factor includes the cultural aspects and include growth rate of population, age distribution, health consciousness, career attitudes and health and safety. Changes in the social factors affect the demand for a companys products and how that company operates. For example, the new trend of health consciousness has resulted in Tesco to produce more organic and low fat foods such as skim milk, organic milk, organic vegetables, Lighter choices with nutritional value mentioned in the product and local charities and getting Thailand over fit- 3 million people involved in aerobics Tesco has changed various management strategies to adapt to the social trends such as recruiting older workers and long term unemployed people as a part of social responsibility; Regeneration: where people who are unemployed for more than 6 months had been trained for several weeks and were guaranteed jobs; Community Champions and many volunteers helping the community and local charities. (UK supporting canc er research with race for life to fight against cancer) (4) 4. TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS Technological factors include technological aspects such a Research and development activity, technology incentives and the rate of technological change. Technological changes in Tesco can affect costs, quality, and lead to innovation. Example: Use of self check out service, online shopping and reserve and collect service(new) has saved huge amount of labour cost, has avoided customers from being charged for same product more than one time plus has saved time of the customers. Or use of security system and CCTV cameras has prevented Tesco from having huge amount of stock variances and made the staff more work efficient with the fear of being caught while doing irresponsible activity during their duty hours. 5. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS Environmental factors are growing awareness of the potential impacts of climate change is affecting how tesco operates and the products they offer, both creating new markets and diminishing or destroying existing ones. Zero carbon foot prints, Recycling, sustainability are the areas of focus for tesco, so that the products have been labeled with the message of recycling. Using local resourced products is attracting customers towards the specific food products.Example: climate change affecting Tescos supply and transport. 6. LEGAL FACTORS Legal factors include discrimination law, consumer law, data protection law, antitrust law, employment law, and health and safety law. Assuring Health and safety in all the regions wherever it is expanded is one more challenging Legal responsibility of Tesco. These factors can affect how Tesco operates, its costs, and the demand for its products. Example: Tesco to avoid the legal opposition to expand on the high streets LO2: Evaluate alternative strategies to meet the desired future strategic position. 2.1 Apply a range of strategic analysis tools to audit progress towards strategic aims and objectives SWOT ANALYSIS FOR TESCO INTERNAL FACTORS Strength Weakness  · Giant Leader in superstores  · Financial stability  · Huge Brand name  · Bulk goods importers and sellers  · Product Diversification from being food retailer to non food plus electronics, telecom, insurance, banking and finance  · Competitive pricing-providing goods and services in low price  · Ensuring Health and Safety in different parts of the world  · Maintaining Quality issues as the goods are supplied from different suppliers abroad, out of which some are not very experienced with maintaining high quality.  · Stabilizing itself as a good non food retailer.  · Maintaining their presence and growing customer loyalty in the recently expanded countries  · Expansion in more developing c countries  · The competitors: Asda being competitively cheaper Sainsbury, Morrison being food retailers with comparative pricing  · Environmental issues and corporate Governance responsibility Opportunities Threats EXTERNAL FACTORS Strengths Giant leader in superstore and financial stability Tesco has over 2200 stores and Tesco holds more than 71% share in the UK retail market Its strategic capability explains that it will continue to grow share in food, while increasing space contribution from supermarket will allow it to drive a higher share in non-food. Tescos business growth shows no sign of failing. In the UK, Tescos late 2006 investment into West-midlands based convenience store group TS was billed as the most aggressive move into the neighbourhood market by a big-name retailer so far. They are aggressively expanding and going with acquisitions with the local food stores. The deal has turned Tesco into the countrys biggest convenience store chain, and the company also plans to open up 95 new stores PLC in the UK this year which includes 6 stores purely based on Regeneration Scheme. Tescos general growth shows no sign of failing. Health safety issues and maintaining quality Maintaining health and safety is a major challenge for Tesco. From the suppliers to warehouses and to the store, there is always a risk associated. Plus making sure that the stock is properly handled in the store by stacking them properly and the use of trolleys and their proper management is also the major responsibility of Tesco. They must make sure that every single person who is linked to Tesco should be safe while they operate their operations. Maintaining the quality and standard of goods they supply is also a major challenge to a bulk good retailer like Tesco as they have to get goods from their suppliers all around the world. They have been very fair to their suppliers and they want them to be decent to them by maintaining the standard of the goods they produce and supply. Opportunities Business growth and expansion in Europe is successful but it still has to work in some other parts of world. They have just started exploring Asia but being all over Asia and the rest part of the world is a strong opportunity. Being established as a non-food retailer is another very good opportunity for Tesco. Since the start of diversification, they are working to prove Tesco not only as a grocery store but a superstore providing customers with every little helps. Weaknesses 2.2 Review and assess the expectations of major stakeholders and their influence upon the organisational strategy Engagement with stakeholders is helping Tesco identify new risks and opportunities and to ensure that their long-term goal and strategy is sustainable. In some cases, they have found that working with stakeholders in partnership can help deliver shared goals. Tesco feels that they might not be able to satisfy all stakeholder concerns all the time but through proper engagement they can do their best to balance competing demands. Tesco is very committed to having a productive dialogue with its stakeholders inorder ensure that they understand what is important to them. This is allowing themselves the opportunity to maintain their position. Engaging with stakeholders includes customers, employees, suppliers, investors, government, regulators and non-governmental organisations.() (www.tesco.com/cr2010) The major stakeholders of Tesco plc.are: Customers Customers need to be able to trust tescos business and they will only trust only if they believe that there is appropriate engagement in regular basis with the stakeholders. Tesco has been using various strategies to able to win the trust of its stake holders by following various strategies such as Cost leadership, diversification, Tesco believes that if they can offer what the customer needs than surely they will come back and purchase again. This is helping to establish and gain lifetime loyalty of the customers. The launch of Club cards is helping customers satisfy their needs and quality services are the functional business strategy of Tecso. They have been innovating more than 2000 new products (food/non-food) every year depending upon the demand of the customers. Example: Launching organic, dietary and healthier food options, Nutritional values in the packaging and making sure that the quality of the food is maintained by doing mystery audits in the suppliers factories. And the new self check out system where customers can grab whatever they want and go has helped the customer to manage their time and made it simple to operate. According to the Tesco website, Tesco says No-one tries harder for customers: Understand customers. Be first to meet their needs. Act responsibly for our communities. Treat people as we like to be treated: Work as a team. Trust and respect each other. Listen, support and say thank you. Share knowledge and experience.so we can enjoy our work. We regularly ask our customers and our staff what we can do to make shopping with us and working with us that little bit better. This proves Tesco has been treating their customers as the core of their business and are providing every simple and small helps by being fair to them. (http://www.tescoplc.com/plc/about_us/values/) Employees Tesco employees 285,000 employees. Philip Clarke, Chief Executive from 2011 says If we dont look after our staff the chances are they will not look after our customer. (http://www.tescoplc.com/plc/media/board_announcement/) Tesco has been using the term A great place to work in which they include; Our staff have told us what is important to them to be treated with respect, having a manager who helps them, having an interesting job and an opportunity to get on. Helping achieve what is important to our staff will help us to deliver an Every Little Helps Shopping Trip for our customers. (http://www.tescoplc.com/plc/about_us/values/) The statement clearly states that they treat everyone with respect and dignity. At the same time they have great managers who are always ready to help the team and make their job interesting everyday and giving them good opportunities by job rotation, job enrichment and job enlargement. These activities take the employees off from the regular job pattern, motivates them to learn and do new things everyday. And staff are the basic point of contact to customers and it is very important to get them right to gain satisfaction and loyalty of all our customer. Employees are the most important and basic level of contact with customers. Every customer remembers his first experience when he visits the store and the way he had been assisted. A good and motivated employee always treats them very well. So Tesco has been very focused to make sure the employees do their duties in the right way and makes sure that every customer and even the employee is being treated in the right way. Rewards wise also Tesco is the only organization which has been giving bonuses to their staff on doing their regular jobs. For maintaining the accuracy of stock level they get 15% bonus, till accuracy 5% bonus and Mystery shoppers result 5% bonus. Apart from this there are more benefits and rewards the employees are getting like holiday pay, outstanding service award, discount in shopping, career breaks, free company shares. Tesco has recently given a huge amount of share profit to its employees (02/06/10). More than 216,000 Tesco staff, from checkout operators to drivers and managers found out that they will share a  £105 million bonus pot as the company announced details of its biggest ever Shares In Success scheme(http://www.tescoplc.com/plc/media/pr/pr2010/2010-06-02/). Supplier Tesco has been supplying goods from different parts of the world as the bulk retailer has to meet the demands of huge retail market segment like Kenya, South Africa, Spain, Scotland, Wales, and has high expectations of its suppliers. They have built a strong relationship with their suppliers, have given them the best value for their customers and given their customers the confidence of maintaining good standard through out their chain. They are very focused in treating the people in the right way so that they perform better and which will automatically helps in improving sustainability in their supply chain by encouraging suppliers to make proper investment in products and stable work. Due to their decent pricing, Tesco is confidient to keep the trading for longer period of time and is willing to get enough support from its supplier by being with them and helping them maintain their ethical and food standards. Tesco has been sourcing products from the countries which has cheaper good employment practices, cheap labour and less regulations to maintain the level of margin. (http://cr2010.tescoplc.com/en/buying-and-selling-our-products-responsibly.aspx) Tesco has been paying more for the diary suppliers. Kenayen suppliers had been supplying goods since long time. Tesco launched an awarding agenda where they had been launching surprise visits and evaluating the hard work done by the suppliers and rewarding them afterwards. Tesco has also been providing necessary training to the suppliers staff in Kenya, South Africa. The following diagram shows the competitive rivalry and shows the effect of stake holders in the business. 2.3 Analyse, interpret and produce a structured evaluation of the organisational strategic position Note: The challenges faced by the organisation may be identified, for example, competitive environment, external climate and globalisation (if applicable) may be examined. The knowledge gained by studying Porters three generic strategies and PESTAL analysis may be applied. Political view reflects that the economic downturn- credit crunch has lead to high number of unemployment. But Tesco has been able to help a number of people by providing them jobs. and therefore helping the unemployment. Regeneration: People who are unemployed for more than 6 months had been trained for several weeks and were guaranteed job. Three new stores were opened and 320 people were employed. 6 more stores will be opening this year. Community Champions: Tesco has Community Champions and many volunteers helping the community and local charities, Healthy living for customers: is one of key promise by Tesco and is celebrated by producing healthy products like lighter choices, nutritional value mentioned in the product, getting fit-Thailand over 3 million people involved in aerobics, UK supporting cancer research with race for life to fight against cancer. Tesco is also instrumental as a retailer in supporting carbon reductions and have also encouraged their customers to make low carbon choices .They created a  £100 million Sustainable Technology Fund for this purpose. At the same time they are maintaining the eco-friendly approach by helping reducing the pollution-they are passing the message to their customers to reuse and recycle the wastages. LO3: Decide upon a strategy and identify how, if required, you would justify your selection to meet the required future strategic position. 3.1 Identify and develop a range of alternative strategic options to meet strategic aims and objectives Note: This section requires the candidate to apply his/her own judgement so that a few alternate options are visualised and discussed,. For example the candidate may propose emphasis on alternate products, or increased after sale service, or following aggressive marketing strategy etc. During the 1980s Professor Michael Porter from Harvard Business School developed the model of generic competitive strategies. He called the strategies generics as they can be undertaken by businesses of any size or type, even if they are non-profit organisations (Hunger and Wheelen [2001]p82). He argued that companies only have three strategies to choose from: Cost leadership Differentiation Focus Porter also believed that before a company decides which strategy to adopt, it must know its competitive scope: the breadth of its target market, the range of products it wishes to produce, the distribution channels, the type of buyers and geographic areas it wants to serve and the related industries it will be competing in (Hunger and Wheelen [2001]p82).The cost leadership strategy is aimed at the broad mass market and requires actions like cost minimisation in research and development, services, sale forces, advertising and so on. By doing this the company will sell its product for smaller price than its competitors but still achieve reasonable profit. This also creates entry barrier for the new market entrants, as it would be difficult for them to match the low cost of the existing producer. (Hunger and Wheelen [2001] p83). The differentiation strategy is aimed at the broad mass market as well, but this time creating a product which must be perceived as unique by its customers, for example through design, The strategy aims to gain customer loyalty and therefore making the buyer insensitive image, technology, customer service, dealer network and so on to a higher price. This again will also make entry more difficult for new entrants (Hunger and Wheelen [2001] p83). (Hunger and Wheelen [2001] p83) argue, differentiation strategy generates high profits as it creates a better entry barrier. Low cost strategy however creates increase in market share. Focus strategy concentrates on serving only a certain niche market as either a cost leader or with a differentiation strategy. In cost focus a firm seeks a cost advantage in its target market only, in differentiation focus a firm seeks differentiation in its segment (Lynch [2000]p.568) The following diagram may illustrate Porters model in more detail: Fig: Porters Generic Model (http://www.quickmba.com/strategy/generic.shtml) Tesco has been implementing the cost leadership strategy since its establishment. And after going to non-food retail in 2004, it also applied the diversification strategy in their business to meet the customers every needs. Tesco launched its own broad band in 2004 followed by Home plus in 2005. Globalisation has been another important step taken by Tesco. Though Tescos Fresh n easy did not do very well in USA in the first 2 years of its establishment, now it is maintaining its grip among the customers, according to Sir Terry Leahy Chief Executive. Tesco has been very successful in Europe and in Asia. To flourish more of its business in South Asia, Tesco has an exclusive franchise agreement with Trent, the retail arm of Tata Group to support the development of their Star Bazaar format by the end of 2010 in India. Since Tesco has already used the first two strategies, it still has the Focus strategy in hand. Tesco can still aim on the niche markets and work on that segment of the market in order to gain more market share. Tesco has recently opened their first baby store in Manchester which provides all the necessary materials to the toddlers including clothes, push chairs, strollers, car seats, high chairs etc. Similarly, the start of DRIVE-THRU store has covered another segment of people who drive and have very strict time schedule. Apart from that Tesco should also work on its weaknesses. Maintaining Health and safety in all parts of the world with its globalisation and maintaining quality of goods upto the Tesco standard at all times is the major challenge. Tesco should make sure that their ware house, suppliers factories and even the shop floor should be Health and Safety approved and should have all kinds of equipments that helps in maintaining it such as use of helmets, gloves, safety goggles and also training the people with right procedures of lifting weight, handling chemicals and so on. Tesco must make sure that every product they sell is 100% hygienic to the customers and has the same quality and standard at all times. Because of having different suppliers all over the world and buying goods on bulk, Tesco might not be have been able to keep proper maintained standard at all times(as some issues were raised last year regarding the bread supplier) So focusing strategy is not only a good idea to get a grip over the niche market segments but also to maintain its brand value among the existing customers. 3.2 Determine and justify the strategic option that meets the revised strategic position Note: Out of the alternate options in 3.1 above, the one which is considered to be most suitable to meet the new strategic position, may be identified. Justification may be given as to how this selected option is likely to fit in the present position. Out of the various strategies suggested above in 3.1,Focus on maintaining quality and brand value at all times all over the world without a single compromise is the most important option which is most suitable to meet new strategic position and is likely to fit in the present position. Tesco has already been market leader in Cost leadership and has used Differentiation strategy to its limit by understanding the needs of people to the basic extent and providing them the services and satisfying them. They have already started working in the niche marketing strategy by starting DRIVE-THRU store and Kids store. Tesco is aiming to launch mortgages in the first half of 2011, followed by current accounts in the second half of 2011/2012 financial year.

Women in Shakespeares Writings :: essays research papers fc

Shakespeare wrote many entries based on his feelings at that moment. The basis of many of his female characters was brought about by these certain emotions. The women in Shakespeare's writings emphasize many of the characteristics that reflect his own personality. Shakespeare bases many of his plays and poems on his moods.It is often said when writers write of what emotional state they are in, their words form the essence of their works. Shakespeare's moods, whether dark or romantic, have brought about many excellent plays that still touch the hearts of many to this day. (Kellog 225 -256) An example of his romantic mood is found in his play Romeo & Juliet. The strong love between the two reflected Shakespeare's love for his wife Anne. The bonds of love drive the "two star-crossed lovers" to disobey their families in hopes that their true love will unites the mortal enemies forever. In turn it pushes everyone to the edge. Juliet's father partially disowns her because she refuses to marry the suitor he has chosen for her. In effort to keep her and Romeo's love alive, Juliet takes a drug that makes her seem as though she were dead. (O' Conner 69) In the hour of her "fake" funeral, Romeo's friend Balthasar misinterprets Juliet's death. He flees to Mantua, which is where Romeo is exiled for slaying Tybalt. Romeo, not knowing of Juliet and the priest's actions, believes that story he was told to be true. He then returns to Verona a sad and forlorned man. (o' conner 127) Upon his return, Romeo purchases poison so that he may join his true love at the gates of heaven. He arrives at the church and approaches the supposedly dead Juliet. He allows himself one last hug and kiss before they are to meet again. As Romeo drinks the poison, Juliet awakens to find her love dying before her. When Romeo dies, Juliet feels the only way they can be together is in death. Therefore, Juliet falls on Romeo's sword so they can reunite again. Romeo & Juliet is one of Shakespeare's most famous romantic tragedies. (O' conner 217) Another characteristic that Shakespeare posses and gives to his female characters is religious beliefs. During the Renaissance period, women were very active in religion. They were only allowed to speak their minds in church so that is where they spent most of their time (sachs 17). The belief of the Renaissance time was that men ruled over their wives, as parents did children, as kings did coutries, and as God rules over all.

Old and New Government Accounting Distinguished

OLD AND NEW GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTING SYSTEM DISTINGUISHED | OLD| NEW|Accounting Entries| * Manual * Maintains numerous special journals with several wide columns| * Computerized * Simplified and updated accounting system| Commission on Audit| Journalizes the appropriation and allotment released by the Department of Budget & Management | No longer journalizes the appropriation and allotment released by the Department of Budget & Management | Bureau of Treasury| Accounting rules & regulations pertaining to cash operations, collections, remittances and disbursements are issued by the COA, jointly or with the concurrence of Department of Finance and the Department of Budget & Management. | Bureau of Treasury maintains the Registry of NCA & Replenishments (RENREP) for control & monitoring of NCA bank transfers released by the Department of Budget & Management. Government Agency| * Does not journalize the Notice of Cash Allocation (NCA) it receives which in effect, identifies the share of age ncy in the income of the national government. * Journalizes its appropriations and allotments. | * Now journalizes the Notice of Cash Allocation (NCA) it receives which in effect, identifies the share of agency in the income of the national government. * No longer journalize its appropriations and allotments; instead it shall maintain the ff. : Registry of Allotments and Obligations- Personal Services (RAOPS), Registry of Allotments and Obligations- Maintenance and other Operating Expenses (RAOMO), Registry of Allotments and Obligations- Capital Outlay (RAOCO), Registry of Allotments and Obligations- Financial Expenses (RAOFE). Basis of Accounting * Expenses * Income and Revenue| Accrual & Cash Basis shall be taken up in the accounts of that year recognized when earned except in case of taxes, where revenues that remain unrealized at the close of the fiscal year shall not be recognized| Modified Accrual Basis recognized when incurred & reported in the F/S shall be recognized on accr ual basis except for transactions where accrual basis is impractical or when other methods are required by law| Fund| All income accruing to the agencies shall accrue to the General Fund of the government and all money collected on any tax levied for a special purpose shall be treated as Special Fund. | Adopts one fund concept and that is the General Fund| Chart of Accounts & Coding Structure| * Six-digit account numbering system * There are contingent accounts. * Expenditures charged to capital outlay are classified as expenses. | * Three-digit account numbering system * There are no longer contingent accounts. * Expenditures charged to capital outlay are classified as expenses. Books of Original Entries| Journal of Collections & Deposits, Journal of Disbursements, Journal of Checks, Issued, Journal & Analysis of Obligations & Journal of Bills are being used| – no longer used, only the General Journal shall be used namely (1) Cash Receipt Journal, (2) Cash Journal, (3) Check Disbursements Journal and (4) Cash Disbursements Journal| Trial Balance| Four-money column listings of all general ledger accounts used in the operations of the agency, whether, the accounts are with or without balance| Two-money column| Financial Expenses| Recognized as components of Maintenance & Other Operating Expenses (MOOE)| Shall be separately classified from Maintenance & Other Operating Expenses (MOOE)| Contingent Accounts| Used to record claims for accounts in dispute| No longer be used, all financial transactions shall be recorded using the appropriate accounts| Corollary Entry & Negative Journal Entries| Being used| Discontinued | Journals used| Cash Journal and General Journal are used together with the ledgers by both books. | With the implementation of the computerized agency accounting system, only the General Journal shall be used together with the ledgers by both books. |

Forming Declarative Sentences - Exercise

Forming Declarative Sentences - Exercise This exercise will give you practice in changing word order and (in some cases) verb forms as you convert 12 interrogative sentences (questions) into declarative sentences (statements). After completing this exercise, you can also try forming interrogative sentences. Instructions Rewrite each of the following sentences, turning the ​yes-no question into a statement. Change the word order and (in some cases) the form of the verb as necessary. When youre done, compare your new declarative sentences with the sample answers below. Is Sams dog shivering?Are we going to the football game?Will you be on the train tomorrow?Is Sam the first person in line?Was the stranger calling from the clinic?Does Mr. Amjad think that I will be waiting for him at the airport?Do the best students usually take themselves too seriously?Does Ms. Wilson believe that everybody is watching her?Am I the first person to make fun of the idea of calorie counting?Before going away on vacation, should we cancel the newspaper?Wasnt the boy in the snack bar wearing a bright Hawaiian shirt and a cowboy hat?Whenever you leave a young child with a babysitter, should you give her a list of all emergency phone numbers? Answers to the Exercise Here are sample answers to the exercise. In all cases, more than one correct version is possible. Sams dog is shivering.We are going to the football game.You will be on the train tomorrow.Sam is the first person in line.The stranger was calling from the clinic.Mr. Amjad thinks that I will be waiting for him at the airport.The best students usually dont take themselves too seriously.Ms. Wilson believes that everybody is watching her.I am not the first person to make fun of the idea of calorie counting.Before going away on vacation, we should cancel the newspaper.The boy in the snack bar was wearing a bright Hawaiian shirt and a cowboy hat.Whenever you leave a young child with a babysitter, you should give her a list of all emergency phone numbers.